11 Life Cycle Assessment www.thg.eco www.mycarbon.co.uk adam.lowe3@thehutgroup.com info@mycarbon.co.uk 3. Life Cycle Inventory Analysis 3.1. Data Collection and Quality The GHG protocol for life cycle assessment uses five principles for assessment of data quality: - Technological representativeness: The degree to which the data reflects the actual technologies used in the process. - Geographical representativeness: The degree to which the data reflects actual geographic location of the processes within the inventory boundary (e.g., country or site). - Temporal representativeness: The degree to which the data reflects the actual time (e.g., year) or age of the process. - Completeness: The degree to which the data is statistically representative of the process sites. - Reliability: The degree to which the sources, data collection methods, and verification procedures used to obtain the data are dependable. This data quality assessment applies to the primary collected data and emissions factors. The emissions factors used in this LCA are listed in Table 10 within the appendix. Data Quality Statement: Technological representativeness was 90% based on the availability of primary data from the suppliers of raw materials and THG facilities. The remaining calculations are based on the use of secondary data and emissions factors. Geographical representativeness was high with 92% of emissions factors and activity data points located in the correct country or a global commodity average value. Temporal representativeness was high with 100% of emissions factors sourced since 2019. Reliability was high with 100% of data coming from high quality sources (government, peer-review, LCA databases or industry experts). The completeness of the data is representative of the life cycle assessed with cradle to grave analysis from the point of raw materials arriving at the Secondary suppliers’ facilities. In conclusion the data quality of the LCA study is deemed as high as all quality scores are 90% or higher. 3.2. Refining System Boundaries Reflecting the iterative nature of LCA, decisions regarding the data to be included shall be based on a sensitivity analysis to determine their significance, thereby verifying the initial analysis. The initial product system boundary shall be revised in accordance with the cut-off criteria established in the scope definition. The sensitivity analysis may result in: - The exclusion of life cycle stages or subsystems when lack of significance can be shown by the sensitivity analysis - The exclusion of material flows which lack significance to the outcome of the results of the study - The inclusion of new unit processes that are shown to be significant in the sensitivity analysis
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